Similar vehicles usually range between 87 and 92
State Title Brand
Auction Brand / Issues
Accident / Damage
No Accidents or Damage Reported
Open Recall Check
Insurance Loss / Transfer
Odometer Check
Last reported odometer: 88,834 (08/27/2025)
Certified Pre-Owned
Service / Repair
61 Service Record(s) Reported
Additional History
Lien Reported
This vehicle is eligible for Buyback Protection
Due to the vehicle’s history showing no reported major state title brands. Terms & Conditions
Accident & DamageBack To Top
Airbag Deployed
Structural Damage
Overturned
No Damage 
Odometer CheckBack To Top
No odometer brands, rollbacks, rollover or tampering has been reported to AutoCheck from state Division of Motor Vehicles (DMV) or auction sources. AutoCheck also examined the sequence of reported odometer readings to determine if there are any potential discrepancies.
No issues reported
No issues reported
No issues reported
Detailed Vehicle History Back To Top
Vehicle: 2019 Toyota Highlander SE / XLE (5TDJZRFH4KS932035) Report Run Date: 02/17/2026 09:40:35 EST
| Event Date | Location | Odometer | Data Source | Details | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10/15/2018 | Independent Source | Vehicle Manufactured and Shipped to Dealer | |||
| 11/07/2018 | 4 | Service Record | Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection | ||
| 11/07/2018 | FORT STOCKTON, TX | Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000 | New Vehicle Prepped for Sale |
| Event Date | Location | Odometer | Data Source | Details | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 02/13/2019 | TACOMA, WA | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal | ||
| 02/14/2019 | TACOMA, WA | 6 | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Title(Lien Reported) | |
| 02/18/2019 | TACOMA, WA | 482 | Service Record | Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection | |
| 02/18/2019 | FORT STOCKTON, TX | 482 | Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000 |
Accessories Serviced or Installed Vehicle Inspected |
|
| 09/03/2019 | TACOMA, WA | 7,274 | Service Record | Air Filter Changed | |
| 09/03/2019 | FORT STOCKTON, TX | 7,274 | Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000 | Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection | |
| 09/03/2019 | Service Record | Engine Serviced | |||
| 09/03/2019 | FORT STOCKTON, TX | Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000 |
Recommended Maintenance Performed Vehicle Inspected |
||
| 09/03/2019 | Service Record | Chassis Serviced | |||
| 09/03/2019 | FORT STOCKTON, TX | Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000 | Tires or Wheels Service Performed | ||
| 09/03/2019 | Service Record | Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed | |||
| 01/24/2020 | TACOMA, WA | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal | ||
| 02/18/2020 | FORT STOCKTON, TX | 14,149 | Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000 |
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection Recommended Maintenance Performed Vehicle Inspected |
|
| 08/28/2020 | 20,151 | Service Record |
Fuel System Serviced Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection Engine Serviced |
||
| 08/28/2020 | FORT STOCKTON, TX | 20,150 † | Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000 |
Recommended Maintenance Performed Vehicle Inspected |
|
| 08/28/2020 | Service Record |
Chassis Serviced Tires or Wheels Service Performed Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed |
|||
| 12/26/2020 | TACOMA, WA | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal | ||
| 02/01/2021 | FORT STOCKTON, TX | 25,900 | Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000 |
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection Recommended Maintenance Performed Vehicle Inspected |
|
| 02/01/2021 | Service Record |
Chassis Serviced Tires or Wheels Service Performed |
|||
| 07/01/2021 | FORT STOCKTON, TX | 30,221 | Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000 |
Recommended Maintenance Performed Vehicle Inspected |
|
| 07/06/2021 | 30,221 | Service Record |
Fuel System Serviced Battery Serviced or Replaced Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection Engine Serviced Brakes Serviced Tires or Wheels Service Performed Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed |
||
| 07/08/2021 | 30,231 | Service Record | Vehicle Serviced | ||
| 08/11/2021 | 30,586 | Service Record |
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection Engine Serviced |
||
| 08/11/2021 | FORT STOCKTON, TX | 30,586 | Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000 |
Vehicle Inspected Transmission Serviced |
|
| 08/11/2021 | Service Record |
Brakes Serviced Starting or Charging System Service Performed |
| Event Date | Location | Odometer | Data Source | Details | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 09/08/2021 | TACOMA, WA | 30,260 † | Motor Vehicle Dept. |
Title(Lien Reported) Registration Event/Renewal |
|
| 02/09/2022 | 35,669 | Service Record | Battery Serviced or Replaced | ||
| 02/09/2022 | TACOMA, WA | 35,669 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 | Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection | |
| 02/09/2022 | Service Record | Engine Serviced | |||
| 02/09/2022 | TACOMA, WA | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 |
Recommended Maintenance Performed Vehicle Inspected |
||
| 02/09/2022 | Service Record |
Brakes Serviced Tires or Wheels Service Performed Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed |
|||
| 07/20/2022 | 42,794 | Service Record | Battery Serviced or Replaced | ||
| 07/20/2022 | TACOMA, WA | 42,794 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 | Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection | |
| 07/20/2022 | Service Record | Engine Serviced | |||
| 07/20/2022 | TACOMA, WA | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 |
Recommended Maintenance Performed Vehicle Inspected |
||
| 07/20/2022 | Service Record |
Tires or Wheels Service Performed Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed |
|||
| 08/24/2022 | TACOMA, WA | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal | ||
| 02/01/2023 | 48,873 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 |
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection Recommended Maintenance Performed Vehicle Inspected |
||
| 02/01/2023 | Service Record | Chassis Serviced | |||
| 02/01/2023 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 | Tires or Wheels Service Performed | |||
| 07/08/2023 | 53,249 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 | Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection | ||
| 07/08/2023 | Service Record | Engine Serviced | |||
| 07/08/2023 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 |
Recommended Maintenance Performed Vehicle Inspected |
|||
| 07/08/2023 | Service Record |
Chassis Serviced Tires or Wheels Service Performed Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed |
|||
| 08/23/2023 | TACOMA, WA | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal | ||
| 12/13/2023 | 58,194 | Service Record | Battery Serviced or Replaced | ||
| 12/13/2023 | 58,194 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 | Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection | ||
| 12/13/2023 | Service Record | Engine Serviced | |||
| 12/13/2023 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 |
Recommended Maintenance Performed Vehicle Inspected |
|||
| 12/13/2023 | Service Record |
Drive Line Serviced Tires or Wheels Service Performed Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed Vehicle Fluids Serviced |
|||
| 05/02/2024 | 62,804 | Service Record | Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection | ||
| 05/02/2024 | 62,804 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 | Engine Serviced | ||
| 05/02/2024 | Service Record | Recommended Maintenance Performed | |||
| 05/02/2024 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 |
Tires Rotated And/Or Balanced Vehicle Inspected |
|||
| 05/02/2024 | Service Record |
Chassis Serviced Tires or Wheels Service Performed |
|||
| 08/29/2024 | TACOMA, WA | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal | ||
| 09/16/2024 | 68,867 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 | Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection | ||
| 09/16/2024 | Service Record | Engine Serviced | |||
| 09/16/2024 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 |
Recommended Maintenance Performed Vehicle Inspected Brakes Serviced |
|||
| 09/16/2024 | Service Record |
Tires or Wheels Service Performed Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed |
|||
| 02/17/2025 | 73,816 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 |
Battery Serviced or Replaced Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection |
||
| 02/17/2025 | Service Record | Engine Serviced | |||
| 02/17/2025 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 |
Recommended Maintenance Performed Vehicle Inspected Brakes Serviced |
|||
| 02/17/2025 | Service Record |
Tires or Wheels Service Performed Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed |
|||
| 04/28/2025 | TACOMA, WA | 80,648 | Dealer Service | Lights or Signals Serviced | |
| 07/25/2025 | 83,313 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 |
Air Filter Changed Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection Recommended Maintenance Performed Vehicle Inspected Cabin Filter Changed Brakes Serviced |
||
| 08/25/2025 | TACOMA, WA | Motor Vehicle Dept. | Registration Event/Renewal | ||
| 08/27/2025 | 88,834 | Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155 |
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection Recommended Maintenance Performed Vehicle Inspected |
† This odometer reading is inconsistent with the odometer history. This could be due to a typographical, clerical, or rounding error and does not necessarily represent an odometer rollback by itself. If we receive additional odometer history that corroborates an odometer rollback, this display may change and that may impact other aspects of this report and the vehicle's qualifications.
Event Date - 10/15/2018
Location -
Data Source - Independent Source
Details - Vehicle Manufactured and Shipped to Dealer
Event Date - 11/07/2018
Location -
Odometer - 4
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Event Date - 11/07/2018
Location - FORT STOCKTON, TX
Data Source - Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000
Details - New Vehicle Prepped for Sale
Event Date - 02/13/2019
Location - TACOMA, WA
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details - Registration Event/Renewal
Event Date - 02/14/2019
Location - TACOMA, WA
Odometer - 6
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details - Title(Lien Reported)
Event Date - 02/18/2019
Location - TACOMA, WA
Odometer - 482
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Event Date - 02/18/2019
Location - FORT STOCKTON, TX
Odometer - 482
Data Source - Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000
Details -
Accessories Serviced or Installed
Vehicle Inspected
Event Date - 09/03/2019
Location - TACOMA, WA
Odometer - 7,274
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Air Filter Changed
Event Date - 09/03/2019
Location - FORT STOCKTON, TX
Odometer - 7,274
Data Source - Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000
Details - Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Event Date - 09/03/2019
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Engine Serviced
Event Date - 09/03/2019
Location - FORT STOCKTON, TX
Data Source - Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000
Details -
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Vehicle Inspected
Event Date - 09/03/2019
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Chassis Serviced
Event Date - 09/03/2019
Location - FORT STOCKTON, TX
Data Source - Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000
Details - Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Event Date - 09/03/2019
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed
Event Date - 01/24/2020
Location - TACOMA, WA
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details - Registration Event/Renewal
Event Date - 02/18/2020
Location - FORT STOCKTON, TX
Odometer - 14,149
Data Source - Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000
Details -
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Vehicle Inspected
Event Date - 08/28/2020
Location -
Odometer - 20,151
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Fuel System Serviced
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Engine Serviced
Event Date - 08/28/2020
Location - FORT STOCKTON, TX
Odometer - 20,150 †
Data Source - Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000
Details -
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Vehicle Inspected
Event Date - 08/28/2020
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Chassis Serviced
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed
Event Date - 12/26/2020
Location - TACOMA, WA
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details - Registration Event/Renewal
Event Date - 02/01/2021
Location - FORT STOCKTON, TX
Odometer - 25,900
Data Source - Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000
Details -
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Vehicle Inspected
Event Date - 02/01/2021
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Chassis Serviced
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Event Date - 07/01/2021
Location - FORT STOCKTON, TX
Odometer - 30,221
Data Source - Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000
Details -
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Vehicle Inspected
Event Date - 07/06/2021
Location -
Odometer - 30,221
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Fuel System Serviced
Battery Serviced or Replaced
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Engine Serviced
Brakes Serviced
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed
Event Date - 07/08/2021
Location -
Odometer - 30,231
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Vehicle Serviced
Event Date - 08/11/2021
Location -
Odometer - 30,586
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Engine Serviced
Event Date - 08/11/2021
Location - FORT STOCKTON, TX
Odometer - 30,586
Data Source - Amistad Motors LLP 432.336.9000
Details -
Vehicle Inspected
Transmission Serviced
Event Date - 08/11/2021
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Brakes Serviced
Starting or Charging System Service Performed
Event Date - 09/08/2021
Location - TACOMA, WA
Odometer - 30,260 †
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details -
Title(Lien Reported)
Registration Event/Renewal
Event Date - 02/09/2022
Location -
Odometer - 35,669
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Battery Serviced or Replaced
Event Date - 02/09/2022
Location - TACOMA, WA
Odometer - 35,669
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details - Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Event Date - 02/09/2022
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Engine Serviced
Event Date - 02/09/2022
Location - TACOMA, WA
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details -
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Vehicle Inspected
Event Date - 02/09/2022
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Brakes Serviced
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed
Event Date - 07/20/2022
Location -
Odometer - 42,794
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Battery Serviced or Replaced
Event Date - 07/20/2022
Location - TACOMA, WA
Odometer - 42,794
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details - Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Event Date - 07/20/2022
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Engine Serviced
Event Date - 07/20/2022
Location - TACOMA, WA
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details -
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Vehicle Inspected
Event Date - 07/20/2022
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed
Event Date - 08/24/2022
Location - TACOMA, WA
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details - Registration Event/Renewal
Event Date - 02/01/2023
Location -
Odometer - 48,873
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details -
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Vehicle Inspected
Event Date - 02/01/2023
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Chassis Serviced
Event Date - 02/01/2023
Location -
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details - Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Event Date - 07/08/2023
Location -
Odometer - 53,249
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details - Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Event Date - 07/08/2023
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Engine Serviced
Event Date - 07/08/2023
Location -
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details -
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Vehicle Inspected
Event Date - 07/08/2023
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Chassis Serviced
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed
Event Date - 08/23/2023
Location - TACOMA, WA
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details - Registration Event/Renewal
Event Date - 12/13/2023
Location -
Odometer - 58,194
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Battery Serviced or Replaced
Event Date - 12/13/2023
Location -
Odometer - 58,194
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details - Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Event Date - 12/13/2023
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Engine Serviced
Event Date - 12/13/2023
Location -
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details -
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Vehicle Inspected
Event Date - 12/13/2023
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Drive Line Serviced
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed
Vehicle Fluids Serviced
Event Date - 05/02/2024
Location -
Odometer - 62,804
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Event Date - 05/02/2024
Location -
Odometer - 62,804
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details - Engine Serviced
Event Date - 05/02/2024
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Recommended Maintenance Performed
Event Date - 05/02/2024
Location -
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details -
Tires Rotated And/Or Balanced
Vehicle Inspected
Event Date - 05/02/2024
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Chassis Serviced
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Event Date - 08/29/2024
Location - TACOMA, WA
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details - Registration Event/Renewal
Event Date - 09/16/2024
Location -
Odometer - 68,867
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details - Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Event Date - 09/16/2024
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Engine Serviced
Event Date - 09/16/2024
Location -
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details -
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Vehicle Inspected
Brakes Serviced
Event Date - 09/16/2024
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed
Event Date - 02/17/2025
Location -
Odometer - 73,816
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details -
Battery Serviced or Replaced
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Event Date - 02/17/2025
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details - Engine Serviced
Event Date - 02/17/2025
Location -
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details -
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Vehicle Inspected
Brakes Serviced
Event Date - 02/17/2025
Location -
Data Source - Service Record
Details -
Tires or Wheels Service Performed
Lube, Oil And/Or Filter Changed
Event Date - 04/28/2025
Location - TACOMA, WA
Odometer - 80,648
Data Source - Dealer Service
Details - Lights or Signals Serviced
Event Date - 07/25/2025
Location -
Odometer - 83,313
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details -
Air Filter Changed
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Vehicle Inspected
Cabin Filter Changed
Brakes Serviced
Event Date - 08/25/2025
Location - TACOMA, WA
Data Source - Motor Vehicle Dept.
Details - Registration Event/Renewal
Event Date - 08/27/2025
Location -
Odometer - 88,834
Data Source - Titus-Will Toyota 253.475.4155
Details -
Multiple Point Vehicle Inspection
Recommended Maintenance Performed
Vehicle Inspected
† This odometer reading is inconsistent with the odometer history. This could be due to a typographical, clerical, or rounding error and does not necessarily represent an odometer rollback by itself. If we receive additional odometer history that corroborates an odometer rollback, this display may change and that may impact other aspects of this report and the vehicle's qualifications.
More information is available in the full AutoCheck glossary.
Term - State Title Brand
Section Location - Vehicle History at a Glance
Definition - A "branded title" is an official designation assigned by a state agency to associate a particular history with a vehicle. The branding system was put in place to warn potential owners about damage or other alterations to a vehicle that they might otherwise have been unaware of. The brands checked in this section are Fire, Hail, Flood, Junk/Scrapped, Lemon, Salvage, Rebuilt/Rebuildable, Odometer Brands (not actual miles, broken odometer, exceeding mechanical limits, mileage discrepancy, or suspect miles). Please note Grey Market and Insurance Loss or Theft brands are not checked in this box and can be found on other corresponding boxes.
Term - Auction Issue
Section Location - Vehicle History at a Glance
Definition - This section summarizes any issues if reported such as damage condition from seller's disclosure or during the inspection process including required structural damage disclosure, title brands, odometer issues, etc. as outlined by the 2023 National Auto Auction Association Policy.
Term - Accident/Damage Check
Section Location - Vehicle History at a Glance
Definition - This section summarizes vehicle history events that may indicate an accident or damage and associated details such as point of impact, severity or airbag deployed if provided. These damage events will include collision damage information, police-reported accidents, salvage auction, recycler records, crash test vehicles, collision damage claims etc. including our exclusive auction announcements from two major auctions that may include damage events. There is also a clearly delineated section that includes non-collision damage events such as fire, hail or flood. Damage-indicated title brands will be in the state title brands section.
Term - Insurance Loss/Title Transfer
Section Location - Vehicle History at a Glance
Definition - This box checked to see if there is an insurance total loss or if a title has been transferred to an insurance company name as that event usually signifies that it is a total loss when showing after an accident.
Term - Additional History
Section Location - Vehicle History at a Glance
Definition - This section lists any other significant events that may not be a damage event or brand, but does give additional insights of the vehicle's history. These include abandoned, grey market, lien check, repossessed, theft etc.
Term - Odometer Check
Section Location - Vehicle History at a Glance
Definition - This section verifies if there are rollbacks, rollover or tampering has been reported to AutoCheck from state Division of Motor Vehicles (DMV) or auction sources. AutoCheck also examined the sequence of reported odometer readings to determine if there are any potential discrepancies.
Term - Loan/Lien
Section Location - Additional History
Definition - A loan/lien is the legal right to take and hold or sell the vehicle of a debtor as security or payment for a debt. Normally, a vehicle will have a lien due to a loan or unpaid repair bill against the vehicle. Check with the seller to ensure that the lien has been satisfied.
Term - Personal Use
Section Location - Owner Type
Definition - This vehicle was driven for personal use.